Creates commercial courts and commercial divisions for disputes of a specified value, mandates pre-institution mediation, and applies a modified CPC with strict timelines and summary judgment.
Defined broadly to include disputes arising out of ordinary transactions of merchants, construction and infrastructure contracts, agreements relating to immovable property used exclusively in trade, IP, franchising, distribution, joint ventures, shareholders' agreements and more.
The Act applies to commercial disputes of a specified value of not less than ₹3 lakh (or such higher value notified), computed under s. 12.
A suit that does not contemplate urgent interim relief shall not be instituted unless the plaintiff has exhausted pre-institution mediation; mandatory per Patil Automation v. Rakheja Engineers (2022) 10 SCC 1.
Appeals from commercial courts lie to the Commercial Appellate Division of the High Court within sixty days, and only against orders enumerated in Order XLIII CPC or s. 37 A&C Act.
The Code of Civil Procedure applies to commercial disputes as amended by the Schedule — including Order XI disclosure, Order XIII-A summary judgment, Order XV-A case management and Order XX time-bound judgment.
The text shown is a working summary used inside Nyaya for grounding and UI preview. For verbatim reproduction, refer to the bare Act published on indiacode.nic.in.